Selasa, 07 April 2009

MAP, ATLAS AND GLOBE

Materi bilingual kelas VII

MAP
 CARTOGRAPHY IS SCIENCE THAT STUDIES METHODS TO MAKE A MAP
 COMES FROM GREEK WORDS
 CHARTOS MEANS PETA
 GRAPHIEN MEANS DRAWING
 MAP IS A GENERAL PICTURE OF A PART OR ALL OF THE EARTH SURFACE AND IT’S TOPOGRAPHY, WHICH IS DRAWN ON A AREA WITH CERTAIN SCALES
 The first map was made by babylon people in 2.300 BC. This map was made from the chip of clay that eriginally was made for land tax purpose.
Function of map
 Directional guide for traveller
 To show the position of an object on the surface of the earth
 To show the size or measure of the earth surface
 To show shapes of islands, countries, continent and flow pattern
 To help the scientists before surveying an area for study
 As a medium to explain the plains proposed
Kind of map
 Based of content :
1. General map is a map which shows various topographies of the earth surface of the area which is mapped. Example topographic map is a map which represents various reliefs of the earth surface completely with some cultureal elements representation. Chorographic map is a map which picturizes all or a part of the earth surface.
2. Thematic Map/Special Map is a map which show various topographies of an area on the surface of the earth. Example climatic map is a map which shows the climate of a place. Population distribution is map which shows the number of population in an area. Mine distrbution shows the spreading and types of minesin an area.
 Based of the Shape
1. Relief Map/3D map is a map made based on real earth surface with symbols such as cubes, bars and spherical graph
2. Falt map /2 dimension is a map which is made on a flat medium or a sheet of paper likes topographic map
3. Digital map is map whichs is presented and can be read on a computer
Map requirement
1. Equivalence/scale is the comparation between the area on the map must be propotional to the area in the reality
2. Equidistance is comparison of distance in the map must be proposioned to the real distance
3. Conform is shapes of all adges in the map must be same with the real shapes
4. Unconfusing
5. Complete
6. Clean and nice
Component/element of map
1. Map title
2. Years or source of map production
3. Orientation/compas
4. Scale is comparison between two dots in the map and the real distance on the real area
5. Legend is information of the symbols used on the map
6. Astronomic line consist of latitude (garis lintang) and meridian (garis bujur)
7. Border map line for put the degree numbers of latitude and meridien
8. Inset is additional map in smaller size but with bigger scale than the primary map

ATLAS
1. Is a compilation of map in a book
2. The formation if atlas in a book will make a map comprehend process become eisier.
Reqirement of atlas
1. Atlas title
2. Years of atlas make
3. Table of contents
4. Legend
5. Indeks is used to make it eisier to search for the location of the city, mountain or island
Types of atlas
1. General atlas, likes world or national atlas
2. Specifik atlas, example hystorical atlas and geographical atlas
3. Universal atlas
Use of atlas are as follows :
1. Indeks can be used for find the location with name
2. Table of content can used for find the bigger information like continent or country
3. Latitude/parallel line. Equator is the line that devided the earth into two equal parts
4. Longitude/meridian is an imaginery line between the north to south poles
5. legend

GLOBE
 From the Latin word “GLOBEES” means circle or ball.
 So globe defintion is a spherical object that rotates around an axis. Axis is the center of rotation
The globe function
1. To show the real shapeof the earthand its whole surface
2. To show the division system of latitude and meridians ant the length of a latitudeto show the distance among meridians, the close to the pole the distance becomes shirter, meet each other at the pole
3. As the visual display of the phenomenon of night and day
4. As the visual dsplay of eartthrotation
Advantages of globe
1. Has a shape that similar to the real shape of the earth
2. Has accurate scale of distance
3. The astronomic and geographical positions are easly to learn
4. Easy to know the spread of land
5. Easy to learn about the solar climate division

Weakness of globe
 The scale is too small
 A globe is impractical to bring everywhere

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Beritahukan bahwa kalian telah melihat materi ini...
penting untuk menjadi nilau tugas ya.....!